自慰视频

Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience John Christianson: For me, personally, 9/11 is a true flashbulb memory from my first year of graduate school. Sitting in my research lab, I learned about the planes crashing on a (very) slowly updating Boston Globe website. The other graduate students and I spent the morning and afternoon trying to make sense of the events and feeling tremendous fear and grief鈥攅ven from such a distance. Then, and ever since, my research has investigated the neurobiology of traumatic stress; 9/11 led to a broadening understanding of how groups of people exposed to common traumas respond and recover from them in highly individual ways. In the last 25 years, there are far more scientists concerned with understanding resilience and stress coping, which I believe have helped folks work through their own experience of 9/11 and other stressors.

Professor of Political Science Jennifer Erickson: At the time of the 9/11 attacks, I had recently started working at a United State senator鈥檚 state office. Sent home from work and watching the news in disbelief on television, I did not yet realize how that terrible morning鈥攁nd the United States鈥� response to it that followed鈥攚ould not only affect that job but also my future career researching and teaching international politics. In particular, the United States鈥� handling of its subsequent Global War on Terror, along with its invasion and occupation of Iraq, raised many questions for the laws and norms of war. Could law and norms really restrain the most militarily powerful country on earth, and, if not, what would the consequences be? Yet the U.S. after 9/11 did not simply ignore international law. Instead, it was deeply attentive to it, strategically seeking to define what was鈥攁nd crucially wasn鈥檛鈥斺�渨ar鈥� and therefore when the laws of war would and would not apply. Years later, however, it is clear that this manipulation of law and norms has slowly opened the door for more blatant disregard for them by many states in international politics today. 聽

Associate Professor of Political Science Peter Krause: The 9/11 attacks transformed the Middle East for the worse, leading to multiple deadly wars that destabilized the region, led to the deaths of millions, and empowered extremist groups like Al-Qaeda and ISIS to terrorize the peoples of the Middle East and the world alike. Even for an optimist like me, it is challenging to find many positives on this 25th anniversary. The Taliban which was effectively removed from power controls Afghanistan again, and we will be feeling the effects of subsequent civil wars in the region for generations to come. We can take heart in the brave peoples of the Middle East, who have borne the brunt of jihadi horrors and effectively fought back, helping the United States and its allies to shrink the threat to a shell of its former self. The U.S. homeland is undoubtedly safer from international terrorism than it was on 9/11, though unfortunately we can鈥檛 say the same for many parts of the Middle East. Especially at 自慰视频, we can also remember heroes like Welles Crowther, who showed us how we don鈥檛 need to lose our humanity in even the darkest of times. His memory, and the bravery of MENA youth leaders that I have the honor of working with each year, give me hope for a region that has had too little of it for far too long.

Professor of Counseling, Developmental & Educational Psychology Betty Lai: As a researcher who studies what happens to children after disasters, I would say the 9/11 attacks made it clear that young people are a particularly vulnerable group during and after such events. Disaster exposure can lead to children developing serious, long-term mental health challenges鈥攊ncluding symptoms of posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depression鈥攂ut it can also lead children to engage in riskier health behaviors, such as excessive smoking or drinking, or being less physically active. Additionally, children who experienced the 9/11 attacks exclusively through media coverage were at higher risk for mental health distress.

Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience Elizabeth Kensinger: Having spent over 25 years studying human memory, my own 9/11 memories are intertwined with my understanding of how it works. September 11 is a quintessential flashbulb memory鈥攖hat is, people鈥檚 recollections of that day feel as vivid as a photograph, yet they鈥檙e not completely accurate. I remember wearing a black skirt when I heard the news, but my journal entry says I was wearing jeans. Vividness does not guarantee accuracy. In 2001, I began my dissertation on emotional memory. Before 9/11, I was often asked why that topic mattered; afterward, I rarely heard that question. People were living with powerful emotional memories of that day, and the importance of understanding them became intuitive. Twenty-five years later, 9/11 is shifting from lived memory to history. The memories today鈥檚 students convey are from others鈥� accounts. This makes intergenerational remembering especially important: Personal stories help information stick, and remembering together creates shared representations that foster connection, bolster well-being, and create cohesion across generations. I鈥檓 grateful that Boston College has prioritized collective remembrance, with traditions like the Red Bandanna Game and the contemplative space of the 9/11 Memorial Labyrinth allowing opportunities for reflection and for the sharing of memories across the generations. 聽

Professor of Political Science Marc Landy: Although the nation rallied around in the wake of 9/11, the tragedy is that this temporary unity did not last. Indeed, the Middle East is now among the most divisive aspects of our politics.